Adjustable reamer-head



12 a. V V 7///////// A. A. MARTELL.

ADJUSTABLE REAMER HEAD.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 7. I917.

1,376,450. Patente May 3, 1921.

I up

UNITED STATES PATENT canes.

ALBERT [A- MARTELL, OF WOONSOCKET, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOB TO THE TAT-l- PEIRCE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 01

PORA'IION OF RHODE ISLAND.

WOONSOCKET, RHODE ISLAND, A COB- ADJUSTABLE REAMEB-HEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 3, 1921.

Application filed July 7, 1917. Serial No. 179,191.

To all whom it may concern:

land, have invented certain new and useful v Improvements in Adjustable Reamer-Heads, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates broadly to small tools and more particularly to a reamer.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a reamer wherein the cutting blades are removable and are mounted spirally relative to the axis of the reamer in such manner that a continuation of the spirals of certain blades would intersect the continuation of spirals of other blades, and with diametrically opposite blades 1ncl1ned in the same direction.

A still further and primary object of the present invention is to provide a reamer with movable blades adapted to be controlled by a micrometer mechanism to permit the accurate adjusting of the blades to cut on redetermined diameters.

A stil further object of the present invention is the provision in a, reamer of angularly dis osed cutting blades relatively to the axis 0 the reamer with the angles of certain blades complemental to the angles of other blades in such manner as to counteract any effect which might be produced by providing all of said blades with the same inclination to the axis of the reamer.

Other and further objects of the present invention will in part be obvious and W111 in part be pointed out hereinafter by reference to the accompanying drawings wherein like parts are represented by like characters throughout the several figures of the drawin igure 1 is a view illustrating a reamer in accordance with my invention with the parts assembled, showlng a portion in section to more clearly illustrate the construction.

Fig. 2 is a view illustrating the body of the reamer.

Fig. 3 is an end view of one of the m1- crometer rings.

Fig. 4 is an end view of the body portion.

Fig. 5 illustrates the reamer in accordance with my invention wherein the advancing portion of the reamer is provided with g t e reamer in section to more fully illustrate the construction.

Fig. 6 is a view illustrating the body of the reamershown in Fig. 4.

The reamers forming the subject matter of the present invention, while useful for general purposes, are more particularly adapted for accurately reaming bearings, and especially bearings of automobile engines and the like of predetermined dimensions. Heretofore in the art of reamers of this character having adjustable or remov:

able blades, it has been customary to mount the blades straight in the reamer body and since each blade is removable and is supported on only a portion of the base there is possibility of vibration being set up within the blade and the result is not entirely satisfactory. A vibrating blade necessarily pxpoduces a more or less rou hened cut. here blades are angularly isposed the cutting action is more of a shear and it is not at right angles to the face of the blade so that t e tendency of vibrating the blade is minimized. However, where each blade is set with the same inclination any action of a preceding blade which produces a microscopic variation or wave on the reamed surface strikes the full face of a succeeding blade and may, under certain circumstances, cause the succeeding blade to emphasize or Iginglify the fault produced bythe preceding In the preferred form the present invention overcomes the difliculties previously specified by inclining certain of the removable cutting blades on one spiral relatively to the axis of the reamer, and inclining certain other cutting blades at a different spiral, preferably inclining opposite blades in the same-direction to produce a diametrically opposed uniform support for the blades. Since certain blades are at a different inclination from other blades it will be noted that any fault produced by an individual blade striking a hard spot or hard particle in the metal being reamed will be counteracted by the succeeding blade of different angularlty which will ream out by a shearing action any fault produced by a preceding blade. In reamin the bearings for automobile engines it 1s desirable that the individual bearing be reamed to fit the ina guiding collar, and showing aportion of dividual crank shaft hearing which the en- 'ne bed bearing receives and supports.

rank shafts are not usually uniform in diameter as to all of the various bearing points. In view of this fact to produce accurate fits it is necessary that each engine bed journal or bearing be reamed on a specific diameter which agrees with the portion of the crank it is to carry. Ordinarily this operation requires calipering of the crank shaft at its bearing points and also the call-c poring of the reamer head. The latter operation is the more difficult of the two since it is necessary tocaliper across cutting faces. The calipering of the reamer in the present invention is automatically provided for by equipping the blades with suitable adjusting angles seated upon supporting wedges and providing the lade holders with micrometer mechanism whereby the diameter of the working faces of the reamer may be determined by setting the micrometer devices.

The present invention also includes a uiding collar which under certain uses 0 the reamer may be used to center the reamer head in the opening that isbein reamed.

Referring now more particu arly to the drawings and especially body portion 1 of the with a blade supporting hub 2 in the central part of the body portion with a threaded advancing end 4 and a threaded micrometer reamer is provlded end 5 adgacent which is a non-threaded portion 6. pirall arranged grooves are rovided in the b0 y portion and certain o the grooves, as 7, are spirally inclined in one di rection relatively to the axis A of the reamer, whereas other of the oves, as 8, are inclined in the opposite irection. Preferably the grooves on one side of the reamer are inclined on the same spiral as the grooves diametrically opposite. Blade supports 9 comprising small wedge shaped members provided with short cylindrical studs are adapted to fit in the grooves 7 and 8 with the bases of the wedges seated on the bases of the grooves and the short studs fitting within the holes 10 provided in the body portion. The inclinations 11 on the wedges of the blade supports 9 are very accurately formed to be parallel when the supports are in position in .the ves and constitute mounts which ca the cutting blades 12 by cooperating with t e accurately formed parallel surfaces 14 and 15 formed on the under surfaces of the blades. Each end of the cuttin blades 13 is beveled, as at 16 and 17,

- an the bevel 16 cotiperates with a screw tion and to rotate on the threads ther threaded collar 18 which is adapted to be mounted on the front end of the body porwhereas the bevel 17 cooperates with on of p the micrometer collars 19 which is provided on its inner surface with guiding grooves 20 to Figs. 1 and 2, the 1 collar on the body portion. The other micrometer member 22 is screw .threaded on its inner surface to cooperate with the screw threaded portion 5 on the body portion. The micrometer member 19 carries a zero and a fractional scale 24, while the other micrometer collar 22 carries a full micrometer scale 25. By the cooperation of these two/scales the micrometer may be read to small dimensions, for example, one-ten thousandth of an inch, that is when the collar 18 is slightl loosened and the micrometer collar 22 ad vanced one division of the scale 24 each blade 12 will move forward on the wedge blade supports 9 a distance sufficient to increase a radial line to the cutting edge onehalf of the one-ten thousandth of an inch, since the radius is increased this much the diameter obviously will be increased one-ten thousandth. In order to facilitate the movement of the collars 18 and 22, these collars are" preferably provided with openings 26 which are adapted to cooperate with a spanner wrench to loosen or tighten thesemembers as may be desired. Preferably the bod portion of the reamer is provided with stu screws 27 whereby the reamer may be fixedly mounted upon a suitable reamer shaft. In order. to enable the reamer to be accurately seated the stub screws may be mounted upon diametrically opposite sides of the reamer body, as is shown in Fig. 4.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 5 and 6, the construction of the reamer is substantially the same as that illustrated in the preceding figures with the exception that the body portion is slightly extended thereby providing a non-threaded portion 28 on the advancing end, which portion carries a guiding collar 29 that is grooved to cooperate with studs 30 so that this collar, as well as the micrometer collar 19, has sliding but no rotative movement relatively to the body portion. This type of reamer carryin the guiding collar is adapted more particu arly for reaming and finishing individual bearings without particular reference to alining the bearing being operated upon with any other bearing or oint of departure.

It will be noted that the micrometer collar 19 is provided with a plurality of grooves 20 which are adapted to cooperate with the stud 21 on the body portion. The plurality of the grooves 20 permits adjustment of the zero and fractional scale 24 through ninety degree angles relative to the body portion. This ninety degree angular ad'ustment of the zero. scale'24 erinits grin ing of the blades when dulle and re-adjustment of the zero scales to permit a zero reading relative to the full micrometer scale 25 on the micrometer collar 22. Thus it will be seen that if originally the parts were so adjusted that when the zero lines on the scale 24 and on the scale 25 were exactly opposite the reamer blades would cali er exactly two inches, the blades could be s ightly reground, the collar 19 advanced ninety degrees thereby sliding the blades forward and outward on the inclinations 11 on the blade supports 9 and the blades then accurately ground so that the zeros would again, when opposite, indicate the reamer would caliper at exactly two inches. In other words the plurality of slots in the micrometer collar 19 enables the maintenance of the accurate and true reading of the scales without necessitating undue grinding away of the cutting blades.

Realizing that it is possible to vary the physical embodiments of my invention within the scope of the appended claims, I desire that it be understood that the specific dis closure herewith is illustrative and not intended to be considered in the limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is 1. In a reamer of the character described, in combination, a plurality of radially adjustable cutting blades, suitable supports for said cutting blades, means for radially adjusting said cutting blades, said means comprising micrometer devices including a circumferentially adjustable non-rotatable ring adapted to abut against said blades, means to permit rotative adjustment of said ring and a rotatable ring cooperating with said adjustable ring, said rotatable ring being adapted to produce a longitudinal movement of said non-rotatable ring.

2. A reamer of the character described, comprising in combination, a lurality of angularly disposed diametrica 1y opposed blades, certain of said blades being set at angles different from other of said blades, means to support said blades, devicesfor adjusting said blades radially to predetermined dimensions, said means comprising a circumferentially adjustable non-rotatable collar mounted to abut against the ends of said blades, a rotatable screw threaded collar cooperating with said non-rotatable collar, and micrometer scales on said collars, substantially as specified.

3. As an article of manufacture, a reamer comprising a body portion, a plurality of diametrically opposed blades arranged in pairs and angula'rly disposed on said body portion, with the angle of one pair of blades being difi'erent from the angle of another pair of blades and with the diametrically disposed blades of each pair being inclined in the same direction and set at equal angles whereby the cutting edge of one blade is diametrically opposite throughout its length to the cutting edge of another blade of the same pair.

4. In a reamer of the character described, in combination, a body portion, a plurality of radially adjustable blades mounted on said body portion, means to adjust said blades radially, said means including a member provided with a zero line comprising a line of departure and a micrometer member carrying a micrometer scale readable relatively to said line of departure, and means whereby said member provided with the line of departure is adjustable rotatively relatively to said body portion whereby said line of departure may be adjusted to agree with a predetermined calibration after said blades have been resharpened.

5. In a reamer of the class described in combination a main body portion, blades mounted on said body portion, and means for adjusting said blades radially of the body portion, said means comprisin a circumferentially adjustable non-rotating ring carrying a zero scale, and a rotatable member cooperating therewith and carrying a micrometer scale.

6. In a reamer of the class described, in combination a main body portion, blades mounted on said body portion, and means for adjusting said blades radially of the body portion, said means comprising a circumferentially adjustable slidably mounted non-rotating ring carrying a zero scale, and a rotatable member cooperating therewith and carrying a micrometer scale.

7. In a reamer having removable blades adaptable for sharpening, the combination of means for compensating for the metal removed by sharpening, sard means comprising a ring havmg a zero scale and adjustable to different circumferential ositions relative to the reamer, and means or moving said ring longitudinally of the reamer when in the said adjusted positions.

8. In a reamer, the combination of a body portion, a plurality of blades adjustably mounted u on said body portion, said blades having inc ined end portions, a rin screwthreaded on the forward end of sai reamer and comprising a guiding member for inserting said reamer in an opening to be reamed, a sliding ring adjacent the other end of the reamer, said screw-threaded ring and said sliding rin being under-cut to cooperate with the inc med end portions of the blades to retain the blades in position on the reamer body, and a second screw-threaded ring comprising a clamp ring adapted to clamp said sliding ring against the rear end of the blades.

' ALBERT A. MARTELL. 

